Helpo:Elparolo/angla

IFA					enPR / AHD	Ekzemploj
RP	GenAm	CanE	AuE	NZE	enPR / AHD	Ekzemploj
ɑː	ɑ	ɒ, ɑ	ɐː		ä	father, palm
ɑː	ɑɹ		ɐː		är	arm, bard, starry
æ, a	æ, ɛə		æ	ɛ	ă	bad, cat, ran^[1]^[2]
æɹ, aɹ	ɛɹ, æɹ	ɛɹ	æɹ	ɛɹ	ăr	carry, marry, paragraph^[3]
eɪ, ɛi	eɪ		æe, ae		ā	day, pain, hey, weight
(ɛə) ɛː	ɛɹ, eɹ	ɛɹ	eː	iə, eə	âr	hair, there, fairy, vary, Mary^[4]^[5]^[3]
Ŝablono:IPAchar2			e, ɛ	ɪ, e	ĕ	bed, egg, meadow^[6]
ɛɹ			eɹ		ĕr	very, error, merry^[3]
iː, ɪi	Ŝablono:IPAchar2		iː, ɪi	iː, ɘi	ē	ease, see, siege, ceiling
(ɪə) ɪː	iɹ, ɪɹ	iɹ	ɪə, ɪː	iə, iː	îr	near, here, serious^[5]
ɪ, i	i				(ē)	city, everyday, mania, geography
Ŝablono:IPAchar2				ɘ	ĭ	sit, city, bit, will
Ŝablono:IPAchar2, ɨ			ə	ɘ	(ĭ)	roses, spotted, secure
ɪɹ				ɘɹ	ĭr	mirror, Sirius
aɪ, ɑi	aɪ	aɪ (ʌɪ)	ɑe, ɒe		ī	my, rice, pie, hi, Mayan^[7]
Ŝablono:IPAchar2, ɔ	Ŝablono:IPAchar2, ɐ	ɒ, ɑ	Ŝablono:IPAchar2, Ŝablono:IPAchar2		ŏ	not, wasp, boss, moth
ɒɹ, ɔɹ	ɑɹ, ɐɹ	ɔɹ	ɔɹ, ɒɹ		ŏr	borrow, sorry, sorrow, tomorrow, (morrow)^[8]^[9]
ɒɹ, ɔɹ	ɔɹ	ɔɹ	ɔɹ, ɒɹ		ŏr	horror, forest, orange, quarrel, warrior^[10]^[9]
əʊ	oʊ		əʉ, ɐʉ	ɐʉ	ō	no, go, hope, know, toe
(ɔə) ɔː, oː	oɹ, ɔɹ	ɔɹ	oː		ōr	hoarse, force^[5]
ɔː, oː	ɔ, ɒ	ɒ	oː		ô	law, caught
(ɔə) ɔː, oː	ɔɹ		oː		ôr	horse, north^[5]
ɔɪ, oi	ɔɪ		oe		oi	boy, noise
Ŝablono:IPAchar2					o͝o, ŏŏ	put, foot, wolf
(ʊə) ɵː	ʊɹ		ʊə	ʉə	o͝or, ŏŏr	tour, tourism, stoor, jury^[5]
uː, ʉː	Ŝablono:IPAchar2		ʉː		o͞o, ōō	lose, soon, through
aʊ		aʊ (ʌʊ)	æo		ou	house, now, tower
Ŝablono:IPAchar2			ɐ		ŭ	run, enough, up, other
ɜː	ɝ		ɜː	ɵː	ûr	fur, blurry, bird, swerve^[11]^[12]
Ŝablono:IPAchar2				ɘ	ə	Rosa, about, oppose
ə	ɚ		ə	ɘ	ər	winner, enter, error, doctor^[12]

↑ RP Ŝablono:IPAchar is sometimes transcribed Ŝablono:IPAchar, for example in dictionaries of the Oxford University Press.
↑ See bad–lad split for more discussion of the vowel Ŝablono:IPAchar in Australian English.
1 2 3 In many accents in the United States and most accents in Canada, some or all of the vowels of Mary, marryŜablono:, and merry are merged (the Mary–marry–merry merger). If all three are merged, the resulting vowel is usually transcribed Ŝablono:IPAchar. In accents that distinguish all three, marry has Ŝablono:IPAchar, merry has Ŝablono:IPAchar Ŝablono:, and Mary has Ŝablono:IPAchar.
↑ An older alternative symbol to RP Ŝablono:IPAchar is Ŝablono:IPAchar, reflecting the mid height of the vowel in earlier RP, and the fact that it was a centring diphthong.
1 2 3 4 5 RP in the early 20th century had five centring diphthongs Ŝablono:IPAchar. Of these, Ŝablono:IPAchar formerly contrasted with a long vowel Ŝablono:IPAchar. All of them are now generally pronounced as long monophthongs (pure vowels) Ŝablono:IPAchar (monophthongization). However, many words that formerly had Ŝablono:IPAchar (= Ŝablono:IPAchar) are now pronounced with Ŝablono:IPAchar. Ŝablono:IPAchar monophthongized first, very early in the 20th century, then Ŝablono:IPAchar, and more recently the rest.
↑ Ŝablono:IPAchar is sometimes transcribed Ŝablono:IPAchar for RP—for example, in the Collins English Dictionary.
↑ For RP, Ŝablono:IPAchar is also transcribed (e.g. by Oxford University Press) as Ŝablono:IPAchar
↑ Only the words borrow, sorry, sorrow, tomorrowŜablono:, and, for some speakers, morrow, and words derived from these.
1 2 This sequence only occurs before another vowel. In some American English dialects, such as eastern coastal American English, the Ŝablono:IPAchar in forest and origin doesn't merge with Ŝablono:IPAchar (such as in horse and north), unlike General American. See [[w:Mergers of /ɒr-/ and /ɔːr-/|Mergers of Ŝablono:IPAchar and Ŝablono:IPAchar]] for more details.
↑ Excluding the words borrow, sorry, sorrow, tomorrowŜablono:, and, for some speakers, morrow, and words derived from these.
↑ For RP, Ŝablono:IPAchar is sometimes used as an alternative to Ŝablono:IPAchar—for example, in dictionaries of the Oxford University Press.
1 2 Ŝablono:IPAchar and Ŝablono:IPAchar are not actually phonemically distinct in General American and Canadian English, but are transcribed this way for consistency with the Received Pronunciation transcription system. Ŝablono:IPAchar is perhaps a more accurate phonemic transcription for both—for example, the Merriam–Webster Dictionary uses Ŝablono:IPAchar as an alternative to both Ŝablono:IPAchar and Ŝablono:IPAchar.

In order to allow Module:syllables to count syllables, the disyllabic sequence Ŝablono:IPAchar must be transcribed with a period to mark the syllable break – Ŝablono:IPAchar – so that it will not be confused with the New Zealand diphthong Ŝablono:IPAchar.

Ŝablono:IPAchar in the vowel plus Ŝablono:IPAchar sequences is sometimes replaced with Ŝablono:IPAchar: Ŝablono:IPAchar instead of Ŝablono:IPAchar. In order to keep Module:syllables from counting Ŝablono:IPAchar as a syllable, add the non-syllabic diacritic: Ŝablono:IPAchar.

Consonants

IPA	enPR / AHD	examples
Ŝablono:IPAchar2	b	but, web, rubble
Ŝablono:IPAchar2	ch	chat, teach, nature
Ŝablono:IPAchar2	d	dot, idea, nod
Ŝablono:IPAchar2	f	fan, left, enough, photo
Ŝablono:IPAchar2	g	get, bag
Ŝablono:IPAchar2	h	ham
Ŝablono:IPAchar2^[1]	hw	which
Ŝablono:IPAchar2	j	joy, agile, age
Ŝablono:IPAchar2	k	cat, tack
Ŝablono:IPAchar2	ᴋʜ	loch in Scottish English
Ŝablono:IPAchar2	l	left
l̩ (əl)^[2]	l	little
Ŝablono:IPAchar2	m	man, animal, him
m̩ (əm)^[2]	m	spasm, prism
Ŝablono:IPAchar2	n	note, ant, pan
n̩ (ən)^[2]	n	hidden
Ŝablono:IPAchar2	ng	singer, ring
Ŝablono:IPAchar2	p	pen, spin, top, apple
Ŝablono:IPAchar2^[3]	r	run, very
Ŝablono:IPAchar2	s	set, list, ice
Ŝablono:IPAchar2	sh	ash, sure, ration
Ŝablono:IPAchar2	t	ton, butt
Ŝablono:IPAchar2	th	thin, nothing, moth
Ŝablono:IPAchar2	th	this, father, clothe
Ŝablono:IPAchar2	v	voice, navel
Ŝablono:IPAchar2	w	wet
Ŝablono:IPAchar2	y	yes
Ŝablono:IPAchar2	z	zoo, quiz, rose
Ŝablono:IPAchar2	zh	vision, treasure

↑ Some phonologists dispute that Ŝablono:IPAchar is a distinct phoneme in English, and use Ŝablono:IPAchar instead.
1 2 3 Some phonologists dispute that Ŝablono:IPAchar, Ŝablono:IPAchar, Ŝablono:IPAchar are distinct phonemes in English, and use Ŝablono:IPAchar, Ŝablono:IPAchar, Ŝablono:IPAchar instead.
↑ Often written Ŝablono:IPAchar, especially in works that cover only English, even though the sound is not a trill.

[oxforda-1] RP Ŝablono:IPAchar is sometimes transcribed Ŝablono:IPAchar, for example in dictionaries of the Oxford University Press.

[badlad-2] See bad–lad split for more discussion of the vowel Ŝablono:IPAchar in Australian English.

[Mary-marry-merry-3] 1 2 3 In many accents in the United States and most accents in Canada, some or all of the vowels of Mary, marryŜablono:, and merry are merged (the Mary–marry–merry merger). If all three are merged, the resulting vowel is usually transcribed Ŝablono:IPAchar. In accents that distinguish all three, marry has Ŝablono:IPAchar, merry has Ŝablono:IPAchar Ŝablono:, and Mary has Ŝablono:IPAchar.

[airsymbol-4] An older alternative symbol to RP Ŝablono:IPAchar is Ŝablono:IPAchar, reflecting the mid height of the vowel in earlier RP, and the fact that it was a centring diphthong.

[RP_centring_diphthongs-5] 1 2 3 4 5 RP in the early 20th century had five centring diphthongs Ŝablono:IPAchar. Of these, Ŝablono:IPAchar formerly contrasted with a long vowel Ŝablono:IPAchar. All of them are now generally pronounced as long monophthongs (pure vowels) Ŝablono:IPAchar (monophthongization). However, many words that formerly had Ŝablono:IPAchar (= Ŝablono:IPAchar) are now pronounced with Ŝablono:IPAchar. Ŝablono:IPAchar monophthongized first, very early in the 20th century, then Ŝablono:IPAchar, and more recently the rest.

[collinse-6] Ŝablono:IPAchar is sometimes transcribed Ŝablono:IPAchar for RP—for example, in the Collins English Dictionary.

[7] For RP, Ŝablono:IPAchar is also transcribed (e.g. by Oxford University Press) as Ŝablono:IPAchar

[8] Only the words borrow, sorry, sorrow, tomorrowŜablono:, and, for some speakers, morrow, and words derived from these.

[prevocalic_or-9] 1 2 This sequence only occurs before another vowel. In some American English dialects, such as eastern coastal American English, the Ŝablono:IPAchar in forest and origin doesn't merge with Ŝablono:IPAchar (such as in horse and north), unlike General American. See [[w:Mergers of /ɒr-/ and /ɔːr-/|Mergers of Ŝablono:IPAchar and Ŝablono:IPAchar]] for more details.

[10] Excluding the words borrow, sorry, sorrow, tomorrowŜablono:, and, for some speakers, morrow, and words derived from these.

[11] For RP, Ŝablono:IPAchar is sometimes used as an alternative to Ŝablono:IPAchar—for example, in dictionaries of the Oxford University Press.

[North_American_er-12] 1 2 Ŝablono:IPAchar and Ŝablono:IPAchar are not actually phonemically distinct in General American and Canadian English, but are transcribed this way for consistency with the Received Pronunciation transcription system. Ŝablono:IPAchar is perhaps a more accurate phonemic transcription for both—for example, the Merriam–Webster Dictionary uses Ŝablono:IPAchar as an alternative to both Ŝablono:IPAchar and Ŝablono:IPAchar.

[13] Some phonologists dispute that Ŝablono:IPAchar is a distinct phoneme in English, and use Ŝablono:IPAchar instead.

[cons-14] 1 2 3 Some phonologists dispute that Ŝablono:IPAchar, Ŝablono:IPAchar, Ŝablono:IPAchar are distinct phonemes in English, and use Ŝablono:IPAchar, Ŝablono:IPAchar, Ŝablono:IPAchar instead.

[15] Often written Ŝablono:IPAchar, especially in works that cover only English, even though the sound is not a trill.

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