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See also:
U+99D2, 駒
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-99D2

[U+99D1]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+99D3]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 187, +5, 15 strokes, cangjie input 尸火心口 (SFPR), four-corner 77320, composition )

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1436, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44663
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1960, character 30
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4549, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+99D2

Chinese[edit]

trad.
simp.

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ko): semantic (horse) + phonetic (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo).

Etymology[edit]

Ultimately from Sanskrit घोट (ghoṭa), घोड (ghoḍa) (see घोटक (ghoṭaka) for Indo-Aryan descendants), which has been borrowed into many Sino-Tibetan languages; cognate with Proto-Tani *kɯ, Mizo sa-kawr (STEDT 6023).

Alternatively, Wang (1982) relates this to (OC *koːʔ, “dog; puppy”), (OC *kluː, “lamb”), 𤘽 (“calf”).

Pronunciation[edit]



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (28)
Final () (24)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter kju
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kɨo/
Pan
Wuyun
/kio/
Shao
Rongfen
/kio/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kuə̆/
Li
Rong
/kio/
Wang
Li
/kĭu/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ki̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
geoi1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 7094
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ko/

Definitions[edit]

  1. foal (young horse)
  2. a surname

Synonyms[edit]

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Kanji in this term
こま
Grade: S
kun’yomi
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja

Compound of () (ko, child) + () (ma, horse).

See also 子馬(こうま) (kōma).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

(こま) (koma

  1. (rare) foal, young horse (or generally) horse
  2. (shogi, chess) piece, man
    • 2013, Habu Yoshiharu: Shōgi-shi o nuri-kaeta otoko [Yoshiharu Habu: The man who changed the face of shogi history], page 88:
      ポーンは(いっ)()(なな)めにある(こま)()ることができます。
      Pōn wa ippo naname ni aru koma o toru koto ga dekimasu.
      A pawn can take a piece that is one step away diagonally.
  3. someone controlled by another: a pawn, a puppet
  4. (music) bridge (the piece, on string instruments, that supports the strings from the sounding board)

Synonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  1. 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998) NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(gu) (hangeul , revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

: Hán Nôm readings: câu

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.