巾

巾 U+5DFE, 巾 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5DFE ← 巽 [U+5DFD] CJK Unified Ideographs 巿 → [U+5DFF]

⼱ U+2F31, ⼱ KANGXI RADICAL TURBAN ← ⼰ [U+2F30] Kangxi Radicals ⼲ → [U+2F32]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

巾 (Kangxi radical 50, 巾+0, 3 strokes, cangjie input 中月 (LB), four-corner 4022₇, composition ⿻冂丨)

Derived characters

• Appendix:Chinese radical/巾
• 𫩒, 𪤷, 𢎭, 㧆, 𣏑, 𣬢, 䘜, 𧢹, 𮛆, 𮡥, 𩚍, 𤜧, 㼙, 𣮳, 䶓, 𧖂
• 𠬥, 吊, 𡴅, 𫯜, 芇, 𢺶, 𭤔, 𣥈, 𦭬, 𠤚, 𩇪, 𩫹, 𪚑, 𫨂, 𡰯, 𧆞, 凧, 匝, 𡆫
• 㒼, 爾, 䕥, 𡩅, 㣇, 簚, 斾, 鉓, 飾(饰), 銟

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 327, character 20
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8771
• Dae Jaweon: page 632, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 727, character 17
• Unihan data for U+5DFE

Chinese

simp. and trad.		巾

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 巾
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (巾) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
巾	*krɯn
帘	*sɡrɯn, *rem

Pictogram (象形) – hanging piece of cloth.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): jīn (jin¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): jin¹

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җин (žin, I)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gan¹
• Gan (Wiktionary): jin¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): kîn

  (Meixian, Guangdong): gin¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): jing¹
• Northern Min (KCR): gé̤ng
• Eastern Min (BUC): gṳ̆ng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kun / kin / kirn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): geng¹ / gêng¹ / ging¹

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ¹cin
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): jin¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jīn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jin
    • Wade–Giles: chin¹
    • Yale: jīn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jin
    • Palladius: цзинь (czinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: jin¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gin
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җин (žin, I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiŋ²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gan¹
    • Yale: gān
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gan¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: gen¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐn⁵⁵/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: jin¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kîn
    • Hakka Romanization System: gin´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gin¹
    • Sinological IPA: /kin²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: gin¹
    • Sinological IPA: /kin⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: jing¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕĩŋ¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gé̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kœyŋ⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gṳ̆ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kyŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Hsinchu, Kinmen, Magong)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kun
    • Tâi-lô: kun
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kwn
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kinmen): /kun⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kun³³/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kin
    • Tâi-lô: kin
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kyn
    • IPA (Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /kin⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Sanxia)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kirn
    • Tâi-lô: kirn
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: geng¹ / gêng¹ / ging¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kṳng / keng / king
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɯŋ³³/, /keŋ³³/, /kiŋ³³/

Note:

• geng1 - Chaozhou, Shantou, Chenghai;
• gêng1 - Jieyang;
• ging1 - Chenghaia.

• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ¹cin
    • MiniDict: cin^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹jin
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕin⁵³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: jin¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin³³/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 巾
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕin⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕin²¹/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕiẽ²¹³/ 紅領～ /t͡ɕiẽ⁵⁵/ 毛～
	Qingdao	/t͡ɕiə̃²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡ɕin²⁴/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕiẽ²¹/
	Xining	/t͡ɕiə̃⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕiŋ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕĩn³¹/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕiŋ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕĩ⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/t͡ɕin³¹/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕin²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕiəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕiŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕĩŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡ɕiŋ⁵³/
	Suzhou	/t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡ɕin³³/
	Wenzhou	/t͡ɕaŋ³³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕiʌ̃³¹/
	Tunxi	/t͡ɕin¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡ɕin³³/
	Xiangtan	/t͡ɕin³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡ɕin⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/kin⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/kin²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kɐn⁵³/
	Nanning	/kɐn⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/kɐn⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/kun⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/kyŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/kœyŋ⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/lɯŋ³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/kin²³/ /fɛ³⁵/ 訓帕

---

• Middle Chinese: kin

Rime
Character	巾
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	眞 (44)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居銀切
Baxter	kin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚin/
Shao Rongfen	/kien/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kjin/
Li Rong	/kjĕn/
Wang Li	/kǐĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jīn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gan1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*krən/

  (Zhengzhang): /*krɯn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	巾
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jīn
Middle Chinese	‹ kin ›
Old Chinese	/*krən/
English	kerchief
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	巾
Reading #	1/1
No.	6550
Phonetic component	巾
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	巾
Old Chinese	/*krɯn/

Definitions

巾

1. a square item of cloth; towel; kerchief
2. (historical) piece of clothing worn on the head in China

Compounds

• 三角巾 (sānjiǎojīn)
• 侍巾櫛／侍巾栉
• 儒巾
• 唐巾
• 圍巾／围巾 (wéijīn)
• 執巾櫛／执巾栉
• 大頭巾／大头巾
• 宋頭巾／宋头巾
• 屎頭巾／屎头巾
• 巾仔
• 巾冠
• 巾幘／巾帻
• 巾幗／巾帼 (jīnguó)
• 巾幗英雄／巾帼英雄 (jīnguóyīngxióng)
• 巾幗鬚眉／巾帼须眉
• 巾服
• 巾櫛／巾栉
• 巾箱本
• 巾舞
• 巾袖無光／巾袖无光
• 巾車／巾车
• 布巾 (bùjīn)
• 幅巾
• 幘巾／帻巾
• 手巾 (shǒujīn)
• 手巾把子
• 披巾
• 方巾 (fāngjīn)
• 方巾氣／方巾气
• 方巾闊服／方巾阔服
• 朝巾
• 林宗巾
• 板巾
• 枕巾 (zhěnjīn)
• 毛巾 (máojīn)
• 毛巾被 (máojīnbèi)
• 汗巾
• 汗巾兒／汗巾儿
• 沾巾
• 浴巾 (yùjīn)
• 浩然巾
• 祭巾 (jìjīn)
• 紅巾／红巾
• 紙巾／纸巾 (zhǐjīn)
• 綦巾
• 綸巾／纶巾 (guānjīn)
• 網巾／网巾 (wǎngjīn)
• 綠頭巾／绿头巾 (lǜtóujīn)
• 羅巾／罗巾
• 羽扇綸巾／羽扇纶巾
• 腰巾
• 花巾著目
• 葛巾
• 葛巾漉酒
• 衣巾
• 角巾
• 角巾私第
• 解巾
• 諸葛巾／诸葛巾
• 雷巾
• 面巾 (miànjīn)
• 鞨巾
• 領巾／领巾 (lǐngjīn)
• 頭巾／头巾 (tóujīn)
• 頭巾氣／头巾气
• 餐巾 (cānjīn)
• 鹿巾 (lùjīn)
• 黃巾／黄巾 (huángjīn)
• 黃巾之亂／黄巾之乱

 

References

• “巾”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

巾

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. cloth
2. turban
3. (abbreviation of 幅): width

Readings

• Go-on: こん (kon)^{←こん (kon, historical)}
• Kan-on: きん (kin, Jōyō)^{←きん (kin, historical)}
• Kan’yō-on: こ (ko)^{←こ (ko, historical)}
• Kun: おおい (ōi); きれ (kire, 巾); ちきり (chikiri, 巾); はば (haba, 巾); べき (beki, 巾)
• Nanori: はば (haba)

Compounds

• 巾(きん)幗(かく) (kinkaku)
• 巾(きん)幘(さく) (kinsaku)
• 巾(きん)子(し) (kinshi)
• 巾(きん)笥(し) (kinshi)
• 巾(きん)車(しゃ) (kinsha)
• 巾(きん)箱(そう) (kinsō)
• 巾(きん)箱(そう)本(ぼん) (kinsōbon)
• 巾(きん)着(ちゃく) (kinchaku)
• 巾(きん)偏(べん) (kinben)
• 巾(きん)帽(ぼう) (kinbō)
• 巾(こ)子(じ) (koji)
• 衣(い)巾(きん) (ikin)
• 烏(う)角(かく)巾(きん) (ukakukin)
• 烏(う)巾(きん) (ukin)
• 解(かい)巾(きん) (kaikin)
• 角(かっ)巾(きん) (kakkin)
• 葛(かっ)巾(きん) (kakkin)
• 冠(かん)巾(きん) (kankin)
• 綸(かん)巾(きん) (kankin)
• 綦(き)巾(きん) (kikin)
• 金(きん)巾(きん) (kinkin)
• 黄(こう)巾(きん) (kōkin)
• 紅(こう)巾(きん) (kōkin)
• 紗(さ)巾(きん) (sakin)
• 周(しゅう)帀(そう) (shūsō) (周(しゅう)匝(そう))
• 手(しゅ)巾(きん) (shukin)
• 頭(ず)巾(きん) (zukin)
• 雑(ぞう)巾(きん) (zōkin)
• 茶(ちゃ)巾(きん) (chakin)
• 布(ふ)巾(きん) (fukin)
• 方(ほう)巾(きん) (hōkin)
• 濫(らん)巾(きん) (rankin)
• 領(りょう)巾(きん) (ryōkin)

 

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 巾 (MC kin). Recorded as Middle Korean 건 (ken) (Yale: ken) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource

巾 (eumhun 수건 건 (sugeon geon))

1. Hanja form^? of 건 (“towel”).
2. Hanja form^? of 건 (“piece of cloth; fabric”).
3. Hanja form^? of 건 (“headscarf”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 복건 (幅巾, bokgeon)
• 망건 (網巾, manggeon)
• 수건 (手巾, sugeon)
• 두건 (頭巾, dugeon)
• 상건 (床巾, sanggeon)
• 유건 (儒巾, yugeon)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

Han character

巾: Hán Nôm readings: cân, khăn, khân

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.